Computer Abbreviations

ACRONYM SPELLED OUT
AC AC alternating current
ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
ACT Activity
ADSL Assymetrical Digital Subscribe Line
AGP Accelerated graphics port
AIFF Audio Interchange File Format
AIT Advanced Intilligent Tape
AMD Advanced Micro Devices
AMR Audio/Moderm Riser
AMT Active Management Technoloty
AOL American Online Limited
APIPA Automatic private internet protocol addressing
APM Advanced power management
ARP Address resolution protocol
ASCII American standard Code for Information Interchange
ASF Advanced System Format
ASP Active Server Page / Application Service Provider
ASR Automated system recovery
AT Advanced technology
ATA Advanced technology attachment
ATAPI Advanced technology Attachment Packet Interface
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATX Advanced Technology eXtended
AVI Audio Vedio Interleave
BIOS Basic Input Output System
BNC Bayonet-Neill-Concelman or British Navel Connector
BOSS Bharath Operating System Solution, Linux indian vertion
BRI Basic rate interface
BTX Balanced Technoogy Extended
BTX Balanced technology extended
CCD Charged coupled device
CCFL Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp
CCIE Cisco Certified Internet work Expert
CD Compact disc
CD ROM Compact disc-read-only memory
C-DAC Center 4 Development and Advaned Computing
CDFS Compact disc file system
CDMA Code Dividion Multiple Access
CMOS Complmentory Metal Oxide Semiconductor
CNR Cammunication Network Riser (ACR- Advanced CR)
COM 1 Communication port 1
CPU Central processing unit
CRIMM Continuity-rambus inline memory module
CRT Cathode-ray tube
DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting
DAC Digital-Analog Converter
DAC Discretionary access control
DB 25 DB-25 serial communications D-shell connector, 25 pins
DB 9 DB-9 9 pin D shell connector
DC Direct current
DDOS Distributed denial of service
DDR Double data-rate
DDR SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
DDS Digital Data Storage
DFS Distributed file system
DHCP Dynamic host configuration protocol
DIMM Dual Inline Memory Module (SoDIMM-Small Outline)
DIN Deutsche Industrie Norm
DIP DIP dual inline package
DLP Digital Light Processing
DLT Digital linear tape
DMA(U DMA) Ultra Direct Memory Access
DNA Domain name service or domain name server
DNC Do not call regisrty (mobile adv)
DNS Domain Naming System
DOS Disk operating system or denial of service
DPMS Display power management signaling
DRAM dynamic random access memory
DRM Digital Rights Management
DSL Digital subscriber line
DVB-H Digital video Broadcast Hand Held (Mobile TV)
DVD Digital video disc or digital versatile disc
DVD RAM Digital video disc-random access memory
DVD ROM Digital video disc-read only memory
DVD-A DVD Audio
DVI Digital visual interface
DVR Digital Video Recoder
ECC Error correction code/ Error checking and correctiong
ECP Extended capabilities port
EDIE Extended Integrated Drive Electronics
EEPROM Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
EFS Encrypting file system
EIDE Enhanced integrated drive electronics
EISA Extended industry standard architecture
EMI Electromagnetic interference
EMP Electromagnetic pulse
EPIC Explitly Parallel Instruction Computing
EPP EPP enhanced parallel port
EPROM Erasable programmable read-only memory
ERD Emergency repair disk
ESD Electrostatic discharge
ESDI Enhanced small device interface
EULA End User Licence Agreement (CAL- Client Access Licence, PUR - Product User Rights )
EVDO Evolution data optimized or evolution data only
EVGA Extended video graphics adapter/array
FAT File Allocation Table (FAT 12, 16, 32 Bit)
FDD Floppy disk drive
FERPA Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
Fn Function (referring to the function key on a laptop)
FPM Fast page-mode
FQDN Fully qualified domain name
FRU Field replaceable unit
FTP File transfer protocol
GB Gigabyte
GDI Graphics device interface
GDN Global Delivary Network
GHz Gigahertz
GIF Graphic Interchange Format
GPL General Public Licence (GNU GLP)
GPRS General packet radio system
GPS Global Position System
GPU Graphical Processing Unit
GSM Global System for Mobile cammunication
GUI Graphical user interface
HAL Hardware abstraction layer
HCL Hardware Compatability List
HD DVD Hi Defanition DVD
HDD Hard Disk Drive
HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface
H-HDD Hybrid Hard Disk Drive
HPC Hi Perfomance Computing
HPFS High performance file system
HT Hyper Threading
HTC Hi Tech Computers
HTCEC Hi Tech Crime Enquiry Cell
HTML Hypertext markup language
HTTP Hypertext transfer protocol
HTTPS Hypertext transfer protocol over secure sockets layer
HVD Holographic Versitile Disk
I/O Input/output
IBM International Business Machine
ICMP Internet control message protocol
ICR Intelligent character recognition
ICS Internet connection sharing
IDE Integrated drive electronics
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
IMAP Internet mail access protocol
IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity
IP Internet protocol
IPCONFIG Internet protocol configuration
IPP Internet printing protocol
IPSEC Internet protocol security
IPTV Internet Protocol Telivision
IPX Internetwork packet exchange
IPX/SPX Internetwork packet exchange/sequenced packet exchange
IR Infrared
IrDA Infrared Data Association
IRQ IRQ interrupt request
ISA Industry Standard Architucture
ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network
ISO Industry Standards Organization
ISP Internet service provider
ISS Internet Information Services
IVRS Interactive Voice Response System
J2EE JAVA 2 Entrprise Edition
J2ME java 2 Micro Edition
J2SE JAVA 2 standard Edition
JPEG Joint Picture Experts Group
KB Kilobyte
LAN Local area network
LBA Logical Block Adressing
LC Lucent connector
LCD Liquid crystal display
LDAP Light weight directory Access Protocol
LED LED light emitting diode
LGA Land Grid Array
LI-ON Lithium-ion
LIP LiPoly lithium-ion polymer
LnCP Living Network Control Protocol
LPD/LPR Line printer daemon / line printer remote
LPX Low profile extended
LTP Line printer terminal
LTP 1 Line printer terminal 1
LVD Low voltage differential
M DIMM Micro dual inline memory module(SoDIMM-Small outline)
M RAM Magneto resistive Randam Access Memory
MAC Media access control
MAN Metropolitan area network
MAPI Messaging application programming interface
Mb Megabit
MB Megabyte
MBR Master boot record
MBSA Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
MCE Media Center Edition
MCR Multivariant curve resolution
MFD Multi-function device
MFP Multi-function product
MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol
MHz Megahertz
MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface
MIME Multipurpose internet mail extension
MLI Multiple link interface
MMC Multi Media Card
MMC Microsoft management console
MMX Multimedia extensions
MP3 Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 3 Audio
MPEG-2 Mocving Picture Experts Group-2
MSCONFIG Microsoft configuration
MSDS Material safety data sheet
MUI Multilingual user interface
NAS Network Attached Storage
NAT Network address translation
NDS Network Directiory Service
NeRBEUI Networked basic input/output system extended user interface
NerBIOS Networked basic input/output system
NFS Network file system
NGN Next Generation Network
NIC Network Interface Card
Nicd Nickel cadmium
NiMH Nical Metal Hydride
NLI Not logged in or natural language interface
NLX New Low Profile eXtened
NNTP Network news transfer protocol
NOS Network Operationg System
NTFS New Technology File System
NTLDR New technology loader
NWLINK Netware Link
NX No eXecute
OCR Optical character recognition
ODM Orginal Design Manufacture
OEM Original equipment manufacturer
OFC Optical Fiber Cable
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Dividion Multiplexing (4th generation mobile technology)
OLED Organic Light Emeting Diod
OMR Optical mark recognition
OS Operating system
OSR Original equipment manufacturer service release
PAN Personal Area Net work
PATA Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment
PC Personal computer
PCI Periphral Component Interconnect
PCIe Peripheral component interconnect express
PCIX Peripheral component interconnect extended
PCMICIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PDA Personal Digital Assistant
PDF Portabel Document Format
PDP Plasma Display Panel
PGA 2 Pin Grid Array 2
PIN Personal identification number
PKI Public key infrastructure
PLC Printer control language
PMR Perpindicular Magnatic Recoding
PNG Portable Network Graphics
PnP Plug and play
POP3 POP3 post office protocol 3
POST Power-on self test
POTS Plain old telephone service
PPP Point-to-point protocol
PPTP Point-to-point tunneling protocol
PRI Primary rate interface
PROM Programmable read-only memory
PS/2 Personal System/2 connector
PSTN Public switched telephone network
PSU Power Supply Unit
PVC Permanent virtual circuit
PXE Preboot execution environment
QoS Quality of service
RAID Redundant array of independent (or inexpensive) discs
RAM Random access memory
RAMDAC Randam Access Memmory Digital to Analog Converter
RAS Remote access service
RBAC Role-based access control or rule-based access control
RDRAM RDRAM RAMBUS® dynamic random access memory
RDSL Rate Adaptive Digital Subscribe Line
RF Radio frequency
RFI Radio frequency interference
RFID Radio Frequency Identification (On auto mobile number plates)
RGB RGB red green blue
RIMM RAMBUS® inline memory module (SoRIMM-Small Outline RIMM)
RIP Routing information protocol
RIS Remote installation service
RISC Reduced instruction set computer
RJ 11 RJ-11 registered jack function 11
RJ 45 RJ-45 registered jack function 45
RMA Returned materials authorization
ROM Read only memory
RS RS-232 or RS-232C recommended standard 232
RTC Real-time clock
RTMS Resource Tracking & Managemnent Systems (Bsnl)
SAN Storage area network
SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
SC Subscription channel
SCAD Super Audio CD
SCSI Small computer System Interface
SCSI ID SCSI ID small computer system interface identifier
SD Secure Digital card
SDRAM Synchronous dynamic random access memory
SDSL Symmetrical Digital Subscribe Line
SEA-ME-WE3 South East Asia Middle East-Western Europe-3
SEC Single Edge Catridge/Connector
SFC system file checker
SFF Small Form Factor
SGRAM Synchronous graphics random access memory
SHDS Short Hole Digital Service
SIFBEE Short range wireless cammunication
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SIMD Single Insutuction Multiple Data
SIMM Single Inline Memory Module
SLI Scalable link interface or system level integration or scanline interleave mode
SMART Self Monitering Analysis and Reporting Technology
SMB Server message block or small to midsize business
SMP Symmetrical Multiprocessing
SMTP Simple mail transport protocol
SNMP Simple network management protocol
SNS Social Networking Site
SoDIMM Small outline Dual Inline Memor Module
SOHO Small office/home office
SP Service pack
SPD Serial Presence Detect
SPDIF Sony/Philips/Digital Inter Face
SPGA Staggered pin grid array
SPX Sequenced package exchange
SRAM Static Random Access Memory
SSD Solid State Disk
SSH Secure shell
SSID Service set identifier
SSL Secure sockets layer
ST Straight tip
STP Shielded twisted pair
SVGA Super video graphics array
SXGA Super extended graphics array
TB Terabyte
TCP Transmission control protocol
TCP/IP Transmission control protocol/internet protocol
TDR Time domain reflectometer
TFTP Trivial file transfer protocol
TRCCF Technical Resources Center for Cyber Forensic
UART Universal asynchronous receiver transmitter
UDF User defined functions or universal disk format or universal data format
UDMA Ultra direct memory access
UDP User datagram protocol
UL Underwriter’s Laboratory
UNC Universal naming convention
Unicode Universal Multiple Octet Code Character Set
UPS Uninterruptible power supply
URL Uniform resource locator
USB Universal serial bus
USMT User state migration tool
UTP Un shealted Twisted Pair
UXGA Ultra extended graphics array
VDSL Veri high bit rate Digital Subscribe Line
VDU Visual Display Unit
VESA Video Electronics Standards Association
VFAT Virtual file allocation table
VFW Video For Windows
VGA Video Graphic Array
VoD Video on Demand
VoIP VoIP voice over internet protocol
VPN Virtual private network
VRAM Video random access memory
VT Virtulisation Technology
VXD Virtual Device Driver
WAN Wide area network
WAP Wireless application protocol
WEP Wired equivalent privacy
Wi Fi Wireless Fidility
WINS Windows internet name service
WLAN Wireless local area network
WMA Windows Media Audio
WORM Write Once Read Meany
WPA Wireless protected access
WUXGA Wide ultra extended graphics array
X-D Bit eXecute Desabel Bit
XGA eXtended graphics array
ZIF Zero-insertion-force
ZIP Zigzag inline package

Turn Off Auto Play....

1)

2) Turn off Autoplay of CDs (Group Policy Editor)

Bored of autoplay CDs?
That autoplay CDs can be really annoying sometimes. If you thing so, than turn of that option.If you are on Windows XP:
Start>>Run
>>Type "gpedit.msc"
>>Computer config
>>Administrative template
>>System
Double click on - "Turn off autoplay"
-Enable

3) Turn off Autoplay of CDs (Windows Registry Editor)

Start>>Run
>>Type "regedit"

HKEY_LOCAL_MC/ system/ current control set/ services/ cdrom- autorun -0

(Thange the value 1 to 0 )

Prevent virus attack....

Autorun.inf

1) “autorun.inf” virus use the autorun feature of windows to spread themselves between the root directory of all the dirves on ur pc as well as any external drive. This causes the virus to run every time an external device lik a pen drive is inserted or every time u double-click the drive icon in windows explorer.

The forst step 2 remove the virus is 2 disable the Autorun from ur PC. To do this,

Click on ‘start > Run’

And type ‘regedit’

Scroll down to the key

‘HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Explorer’

Double click ‘NoDriveTypeAutoRun’ on the right hand panel and change the ‘Value data’

From ‘91’ to ‘ff’.

Then again scroll down on the left hand panel to

‘HKEY_USER\ DEFAULT\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Explorer’.

Here again change the ‘value data’ of ‘NoDriveTypeAutoRun’ from ‘91’ to ‘ff’.

Exit from the registry editor by just closing it.

[Note: use backup before editing]

2) Then click on ‘start > Run’ and type ‘msconfig’

Here, disable all the unnecessary or unwanted programs.

3) Reboot the system to sfe Mode (Press F8 on starting) and delete all the autorun.inf files from all drives in My computer and also from external storage drives.

4) Here is a trick you can use to prevent the autorun.inf files from beginning generated again,

Create a folder named ‘autorun.inf’ in every drive and partition’s root folder,also do the sme on every pendrive u have.

This will not allow a file by the name of ‘autorun.inf’ to be cteated a the system will not allow any 2 files or folder of the same name.

5) Finaly Reboot ur computer in Normal mode, install and update ur antivirus and scan ur computer. Keep ur computer updated for the latest patches frm Microsoft at all times using the windows update feture.

Security holes detected & Patched

Mozilla Thunderbird: Attackers can causes a buffer overflow in the email program. Thunderbird by means of ahidden URL with an email message. By excuting it, harmful code can be sneakily installed on the PC. Solution: Install the latest version, 2.0.0.17

Mozilla Firefox: A new loophole in firefox was discovered shortly after version 3.02 was released.It’s password manager that’s affected this time.it doesn’t work properly after the update. Solution: Pls use 3.00.

Google Chrome: A serious flaw allows remote attackers to use java script to rapidly open thousand of new windows, A form of Denial of Service attack that can crash the browser and even your entire PC. Solution: Google is working on a patch.

Internet Explorer: Microsoft already declared the security problem. Solution: use IE8 Beta2.

Sumod007@gmail.com

(Hardware & Networking Specialiest)